生命周期:
//servlet 容器启动时会创建 Filter 实例
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException;
//在每次访问目标资源时执行
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException;
//服务器关闭时销毁Filter对象
public void destroy();
作用: